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minor 7 chords

These minor 7 chords are built 1, b3, 5, b7. The reading below is one minor 7 chord, Dm7, on piano and on guitar. The measured minor seventh is -2.8 cents against equal temperament.

How a minor 7 chord is built

A minor 7 chord is 1, b3, 5, b7. Dm7 spells D, F, A, C. Those intervals from D are 0, 3, 7, 10 semitones.

One piano reading

Piano chord: D, F, A, CDFAC
Dm7 on piano: D4, F4, A4, C5.

One piano reading of this minor 7 chord is D4, F4, A4, C5.

One guitar reading

Dm7, frets x x 0 2 1 1 from the sixth string to the first; suggested fingers x, x, o, 3, 1, 21fr×E×A○D3G1B2E
Dm7, frets x x 0 2 1 1

Dm7

Dm7 frets from the sixth string to the first: x x 0 2 1 1.

Dm7 spelling: D, F, A, C.

Dm7 sounding notes: D3 (1), A3 (5), C4 (b7), F4 (b3).

Dm7 open strings: fourth string, D3.

Where it sits in ii–V–I

In C major, ii–V–I is ii7 Dm7 (D, F, A, C), V7 G7 (G, B, D, F), I C (C, E, G).

× mute · ○ open · green root · terracotta other chord tones
Numbers show a suggested finger: 1 index · 2 middle · 3 ring · 4 pinky. A bar means one finger holds several strings. Frets run from the sixth string, low E, to the first string, high E.

A measured Dm7

The minor seventh from the root up to the flat seventh: D5 is 591.27 Hz and C4 is 262.96 Hz. C4 raised 2 octaves is 1051.84 Hz. 1051.84 ÷ 591.27 = 1.77895. Equal temperament for 10 semitones is 2^(10 ÷ 12) = 1.78180, so this interval is -2.8 cents against equal temperament. D5 (MIDI 74) is 440 × 2^((74 − 69) ÷ 12) = 587.33 Hz, 11.6 cents.

The bar is measure 2 of Prelude No. 1 in C major, BWV 846, played by Kimiko Ishizaka and released under CC0 1.0. Johann Sebastian Bach died in 1750, and Book I of the Well-Tempered Clavier is dated 1722. The 1893 G. Schirmer edition of Book I prints C in the bass with D, F, A, D, F above it, the chord D, F, A, C. The strongest pitch classes in that bar were F, A, D, C. Hear on this page uses the site's sampled guitar, not that recording.

One minor 7 chord among the five

A minor 7 chord is one of five seventh chords in common use, alongside maj7, 7, m7b5 and dim7. Seventh chords puts all five side by side, shows how the third and the seventh tell them apart, and lists the seventh chords each major key gives you.

Where the fingering page fits

Guitar shapes for this chord live on minor seventh chord guitar. This page is the chord itself: the stacking, one piano reading, one guitar reading, and the ii–V–I. The plain minor triad, without the flat seventh, is on minor chords.

Questions people ask about minor 7 chords

What notes are in a minor 7 chord?

A minor 7 chord is 1, b3, 5, b7. Dm7 spells D, F, A, C. Those intervals from D are 0, 3, 7, 10 semitones. The guitar shape and the piano keys use that same spelling.

Where does a minor 7 chord sit in a progression?

In C major, ii–V–I is ii7 Dm7 (D, F, A, C), V7 G7 (G, B, D, F), I C (C, E, G).

Where are the other guitar shapes?

The fingering page is minor seventh chord guitar. This page keeps one guitar reading and one piano reading of the same minor 7 chord.

What is the cents number?

The minor seventh from the root up to the flat seventh: D5 is 591.27 Hz and C4 is 262.96 Hz. C4 raised 2 octaves is 1051.84 Hz. 1051.84 ÷ 591.27 = 1.77895. Equal temperament for 10 semitones is 2^(10 ÷ 12) = 1.78180, so this interval is -2.8 cents against equal temperament. D5 (MIDI 74) is 440 × 2^((74 − 69) ÷ 12) = 587.33 Hz, 11.6 cents.